An Object Oriented Analysis Of Air Traffic Control

Celesta Ball
Rebecca Kim
WP 90W00542
August 1991
Approved for public release, distribution unlimited
MITRE Corporation, McLean, Virginia
Table of Contents

APPENDIX D
AERA 2 MODEL SPECIFICATIONS

This appendix contains the object specifications for the AERA 2 model in alphabetical order. All classes in the AERA 2 model are identified in this specification; however, since most of the high level classes are borrowed from the ATC model, and many of the attributes and services of the domain-unique classes are inherited from classes in the ATC model, only domain-unique components are defined. References are made to the ATC model where necessary.

The format used is as follows:

class -
name (Identify referenced model where applicable).

structure -
an identification of the classes and objects directly above and beneath this class and its objects in a generalization-specialization or whole-part structure; unless otherwise stated, a generalization-specialization structure involves classes and a whole-part structure involves objects.
part of
contains parts
specialization of
generalization of

domain-unique instance connections -
an identification of each instance connection which is unique to the AERA 2 model.

domain-unique attributes -
name and a textual description of each attribute which is unique to the AERA 2 model.

domain-unique services -
name and a description (by bulleted list, service chart, or other device) of processing performed by each domain-unique service.

notes -
information about why this class was included in the AERA 2 model, or any other additional information about the class or object which is not already provided.
specification ACF Airspace ("Planning Region") (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Airspace Volume
contains part Sector

domain-unique instance connections
ACF Airspace ("Planning Region") (1) <-> Restriction (0,m)

domain-unique attributes
Sector of Control

domain-unique services
Automated Problem Detection
Automated Resolution Generation

notes
None
specification Aircraft (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Flight

domain-unique instance connections
Aircraft (1) <-> Track (0,m)
Aircraft [1,m) <-> Aircraft Class (1)

domain-unique attributes
Assigned Altitude
Callsign - Aircraft identifier
Emergency Status
Ground Speed - the speed at which the aircraft is moving with respect to the
ground. Known only to the controller.
Reported Altitude

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aircraft-Aircraft Conflict

structure
specialization of Problem

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Altitude
End of Delay
End Time
Geometry
Minimum Horizontal Separation Time
Notify Sector
Object Aircraft
Object Aircraft End Location
Object Aircraft Start Location
Object Aircraft Start Sector
Separation
Start of Delay
Start Time
Subject Aircraft End Location
Subject Aircraft Start Location
Subject Aircraft Start Sector
Trailing Aircraft

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aircraft-Airspace Conflict

structure
specialization of Problem

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Airspace Name
Airspace Type
End Location
Minimum Miss Distance
Separation
Start Location

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aircraft Class

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Aircraft Class (1) <-> Aircraft [1,m)
Aircraft Class (1) <-> Climb Profile [1,10)
Aircraft Class (1) <-> Descent Profile [1,10)
Aircraft Class (1) <-> Long Range Cruise Profile [1,7)

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Model
Aircraft Types
Cruise Acceleration - Cruise acceleration rate (TAS)
Heavy Aircraft Indicator - Indicates heavy aircraft (Jumbo Jet)
Maximum Altitude
Maximum Endurance Speed
Maximum Mach Speed
Maximum Speed
Minimum Speed
Nominal Descent Profile Index
Reference Altitude (for Maximum Speed)
Reference Altitude (for Minimum Speed)

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aircraft Descent Altitude Profile

structure
specialization of Terminal Route

domain-unique instance connections
Aircraft Descent Altitude Profile [1,4) <-> Airport (1)

domain-unique attributes
AERA Arrival Fix
Approach Fix
Destination Fix
Required Altitude at Restriction Fix
Restriction Fix
Target Altitude

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Air/Ground Communications System (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Communications System
generalization of Data Link Communications System

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Airport

structure
specialization of Airport Movement Area

domain-unique instance connections
Airport (1) <-> Aircraft Descent Altitude Profile [1,4)
Airport (1) <-> APDIA (0,1)
Airport (1) <-> STAR (0,4)

domain-unique attributes
Barometric Pressure
Elevation
Name

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Airport Movement Area (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Airspace/Ground Resource
generalization of Airport

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Airspace/Ground Resource (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Resource
contains parts Controlled Airspace; Airport Movement Area

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Airspace Volume (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of En Route Controlled Airspace
generalization of ACF Airspace ("Planning Region"); Sector; Protected Airspace Volume ("Blocked Airspace"); Holding Pattern Airspace ("Holding Pattern")

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification APDIA

structure
specialization of Terminal Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
APDIA (0,1) <-> Airport (1)

domain-unique attributes
Boundry
End Time
Maximum Altitude
Minimum Altitude
Start Time

domain-unique services
None

notes
The Automated Problem Detection Inhibited Area (APDIA) is a volume of airspace in which automated problem detection is not performed.
specification Approach Control Area

structure
specialization of Terminal Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Boundary Points (latitude/longitude)
End Time
Maximum Altitude
Minimum Altitude
Name
Start Time

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Automated Replan Amendment

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Automated Replan Amendment (1) <-> Automated Replan Plan (1)

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Identification
Amendment Template

domain-unique services
Request Trial Plan Creation

notes
None
specification Automated Replan Plan

structure
specialization of Trial Plan

domain-unique instance connections
Automated Replan Plan (1) <-> Automated Replan Amendment (1)

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aviation Weather Resource (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Resource
contains parts Aviation Weather System

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Aviation Weather System (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Aviation Weather Resource
contains parts Wind/Weather Product

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Clearance Directive

structure
part of Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Activation Points
Beginning of Maneuver Points
CD Type
Parameter Values
Source

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Climb Profile

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Climb Profile [1,10) <-> Aircraft Class (1)

domain-unique attributes
Climb Gradient
Speed
Upper Altitude Bound

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Communications Resource (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Resource
contains parts Communications System

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Communications System (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Communications Resource
generalization of Air/Ground Communications System

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Controlled Airspace (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Airspace/Ground Resource
contains parts En Route Controlled Airspace; Terminal Controlled Airspace

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Controller Reminder

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Controlled Reminder (0,m) <-> Trajectory (1)

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Identification
Message
Type

domain-unique services
Deliver Controller Reminder

notes
None
specification Current Flight Plan

structure
specialization of Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
Reconformance Aid
Limited Resolution Aid

notes
None
specification Data Link Communications System

structure
specialization of Air/Ground Communications System

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Descent Profile

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Descent Profile [1,10) <-> Aircraft Class (1)

domain-unique attributes
Descent Gradient
Profile Index
Speed
Upper Altitude Bound

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification En Route Controlled Airspace (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Controlled Airspace
contains parts Route; Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification En Route Controller

structure
specialization of Flight Manager

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Sector Identification

domain-unique services
Request Automated Coordination
Request Automated Replan
Request Limited Resolution Aid
Request New Plan Creation
Request Plan Amendment
Request Reconformation Aid

notes
None
specification Fix/Waypoint ("Fix") (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Route

domain-unique instance connections
Fix/Waypoint ("Fix") (1) <-> Metering Restriction (0,1)

domain-unique attributes
Position (lat/long)
Minimum Altitude
Maximum Altitude
Current Altimeter Setting
Altitude Indicator (H/L)
Magnetic Declination
Flow Instruction

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Flight (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of User
contains parts Aircraft; Flight Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Identification

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Flight Manager (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Manager
generalization of En Route Controller

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Flight Plan (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Flight; Plan

domain-unique instance connections
Flight Plan (1) <-> Flight Plan Amendment (1)

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Callsign
Assigned Altitude at Initial Time
Assigned Speed at Initial Time
Departure Fix
Destination Fix
Filed Cruise Altitude
Filed TAS at Cruise Altitude
Fix at Initial Time
Full Route
Navigation/Communications Equipage
Initial Time
Modelled Route
Speed at Initial Time

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Flight Plan Amendment

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Flight Plan Amendment (0,m) <-> Flight Plan (1)

domain-unique attributes
Type
Flight Plan Change

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Flow Instruction Non-Compliance

structure
specialization of Problem

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Heavy Weather Area

structure
specialization of Protected Airspace Volume ("Blocked Airspace")

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Bearing Radial
Description
Severity
Time of Latitude Update
Velocity
(Inherited attributes also)

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Highest-Ranked Resolution (HRR)

structure
specialization of Resolution

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Holding Pattern Airspace ("Holding Pattern")

structure
specialization of Protected Airspace Volume ("Blocked Airspace"); Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Distance to VOR
Hold Axis Direction
Holding Fix Name
Leg Length
Reference Route Name
Turn Direction
VOR Radial (Leg)
(Inherited attributes also)

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Horizontal Wind Layer

structure
part of Wind

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Upper Altitude Bound
x-component of Velocity
y-component of Velocity

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Long Range Cruise Profile

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Long Range Cruise Profile [1,7) <-> Aircraft Class (1)

domain-unique attributes
Long Range Cruise Speed
Upper Altitude Bound

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Machine Plan

structure
specialization of Non-Current Flight Plan

domain-unique instance connections
Machine Plan [1, 2) <-> Resolution (1)

domain-unique attributes
attribute Objection

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Manager (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of User
generalization of Flight Manager

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Metering Restriction

structure
specialization of Restriction
contains parts Metering Slot

domain-unique instance connections
Metering Restriction (0,1) <-> Fix/Waypoint ("Fix") (1)

domain-unique attributes
Active Indicator
Arrival Rate
Highest Altitude at Meter Fix
Location of Meter Fix
Lowest Altitude at Meter Fix
Maximum Speed at Meter Fix
Metered Destination
Name of Meter Fix
Target Altitude

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Metering Slot

structure
part of Metering Restriction

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Identification
Slot Time

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Multiple Problem

structure
contains parts Problem

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Non-Conformance

structure
specialization of Problem

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Non-Current Flight Plan

structure
specialization of Plan
generalization of Trial Plan; Pending Plan; Machine Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Changes to Current Plan
Creation Time
Expiration Time
Ground Speed
Owner
Plan Identification
Status

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Pending Plan

structure
specialization of Non-Current Flight Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Plan

structure
contains parts Flight Plan; Clearance Directive; Trajectory
generalization of Non-Current Flight Plan; Current Flight Plan

domain-unique instance connections
Plan [1,2) <-> Problem (0, m)

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Planning Region State Segment

structure
specialization of State Segment

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Problem

structure
part of Multiple Problem
generalization of Non-Conformance; Aircraft-Aircraft Conflict; Aircraft-Airspace Conflict; Flow Instruction Non-Compliance

domain-unique instance connections
Problem (0,m) <-> Plan [1,2)
Problem (1) <-> Resolution (0,10)

domain-unique attributes
Subject Aircraft

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Protected Airspace Volume ("Blocked Airspace") (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
specialization of Airspace Volume
generalization of Restricted Area; Heavy Weather Area; Holding Pattern Airspace ("Holding Pattern")

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Adjacent Fixes
Airspace Centroid
BAS Extreme Points
Boundary Points
Convex Point Indicator
End Time
Exempt Aircraft
Maximum Altitude
Minimum Altitude
Rerouted Aircraft
Start Time
Type

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Radar Weather Area

structure
specialization of Wind/Weather Product

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Name
Boundary Points
Severity

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Resolution

structure
specialization of Highest-Ranked Resolution (HRR)

domain-unique instance connections
Resolution (0,10) <-> Problem (1)
Resolution (1) <->Machine Plan [1,2)

domain-unique attributes
Aircraft Identification
Expiration Time
Maneuver Parameters
Maneuver Type

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Resource (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
generalization of Airspace/Ground Resource; Aviation Weather Resource; Communications Resource

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Restricted Area

structure
specialization of Protected Airspace Volume ("Blocked Airspace")

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes (Inherited)

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Restriction

structure
generalization of Metering Restriction

domain-unique instance connections
Restriction (0,m) <-> ACF Airspace ("Planning Region") (1)

domain-unique attributes
Destination Fix
Exception Fixes
Message
Name
Restriction Subtype
Restriction Type
Status (active, inactive)

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Route (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of En Route Controlled Airspace
contains parts Fix/Waypoint ("Fix"); Route Segment ("Airway Segment")
generalization of Victor/Jet Route

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Route Segment ("Airway Segment") (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Route

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
DME
Geometric Type
Major/Minor Status
Maximum En Route Altitude
Minimum En Route Altitude
Minimum Obstacle Clearance
Minimum Reception Altitude
VOR1
VOR2
VOR3

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Sector (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of ACF Airspace ("Planning Region")
specialization of Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Boundary Points
Center Designation
Center Identification
Focal Point Fixes
Maximum Altitude
Minimum Altitude
Radio Frequency
Shelves

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification STAR

structure
specialization of Terminal Route

domain-unique instance connections
STAR (0,4) <-> Airport (1)

domain-unique attributes
Name
Route

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification State Segment

structure
part of Trajectory
generalization of Planning Region State Segment

domain-unique instance connections
State Segment (1) <-> State Segment End (1)
State Segment (1) <-> State Segment Start (1)

domain-unique attributes
Bearing
Acceleration
Gradient

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification State Segment End

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
State Segment End (1) <-> State Segment (1)

domain-unique attributes
Altitude
Ground Speed
Indicated Airspeed
Mach
Node/Fix
Segment Length
Time
True Airspeed
x-Coordinate
y-Coordinate

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification State Segment Start

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
State Segment Start (1) <-> State Segment (1)

domain-unique attributes
Altitude
Distance
Ground Speed
Indicated Airspeed
Mach
Node/Fix
True Airspeed
Time
x-Coordinate
y-Coordinate

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Terminal Airspace Volume (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Terminal Controlled Airspace
generalization of Approach Control Area; APDIA

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Terminal Controlled Airspace (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Controlled Airspace
contains parts Terminal Route; Terminal Airspace Volume

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Terminal Route (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Terminal Controlled Airspace
generalization of STAR; Aircraft Descent Altitude Profile

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Track

structure
None

domain-unique instance connections
Track (0,m) <-> Aircraft (1)

domain-unique attributes
History Trail
Position
Velocity Vector

domain-unique services
Update Track Position
Out-of-Conformance Detection

notes
None
specification Trajectory

structure
part of Plan
contains parts State Segment

domain-unique instance connections
Trajectory (1) <-> Controller Reminder (0,m)

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
Handoff
Request Track Creation
Resynchronization
Trajectory Estimation

notes
None
specification Trial Plan

structure
specialization of Non-Current Flight Plan
generalization of Automated Replan Plan

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification User (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
generalization of Manager; Flight

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Victor/Jet Route

structure
specialization of Route

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
Name

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Wind

structure
contains parts Horizontal Wind Layer
specialization of Wind/Weather Product

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None
specification Wind/Weather Product (Borrowed from ATC model)

structure
part of Aviation Weather System
generalization of Wind; Radar Weather Area

domain-unique instance connections
None

domain-unique attributes
None

domain-unique services
None

notes
None

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